Identification of Indicators for the Development of Entrepreneurial Skills to Enhance the Entrepreneurial Performance of Physical Education Students in Iraqi Universities

Authors

    Salah Kareem Chlaib PhD Student, Department of Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Alborz Campus, Tehran, Iran
    Amin Dehghan Ghahfarokhi * Associate professor, sport management, faculty of sport sciences and health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran a_dehghan@ut.ac.ir
    Mehrzad Hamidi Full professor, sport management, faculty of sport sciences and health, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Keywords:

Developing entrepreneurial skills, improving entrepreneurial performance, physical education students, Iraq

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to identify indicators for the development of entrepreneurial skills in order to enhance the entrepreneurial performance of physical education students in Iraqi universities. The current research, in terms of purpose, is applied, and in terms of data collection method, it is a qualitative study. The statistical population in the first stage of factor exploration, through in-depth interviews, included all experts and knowledgeable individuals regarding the status of entrepreneurial skill development for enhancing the entrepreneurial performance of physical education students in Iraqi universities. From this population, participants were selected entirely non-randomly and purposefully until theoretical saturation on the research subject was achieved. Accordingly, the opinions of 21 experts were collected through 21 semi-structured interviews, and when the subject reached theoretical saturation during the 21st interview, the interview process ended. Interviews were used as the data collection tool. The validity and reliability of the instrument were examined and confirmed. For analyzing the interviews, the grounded theory method was applied. The findings of grounded theory showed that causal conditions included three categories, contextual factors included three categories, intervening factors included three categories, strategies included five categories, and outcomes included three categories. Finally, the core category of entrepreneurial development and sustainability in physical education was identified.

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Published

2025-09-11

Submitted

2025-04-23

Revised

2025-08-03

Accepted

2025-08-11

Issue

Section

مقالات

How to Cite

Chlaib, S. K. . ., Dehghan Ghahfarokhi, A., & Hamidi, M. . . (1404). Identification of Indicators for the Development of Entrepreneurial Skills to Enhance the Entrepreneurial Performance of Physical Education Students in Iraqi Universities. Training, Education, and Sustainable Development, 3(2), 1-19. https://journaltesd.com/index.php/tesd/article/view/112

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