Characteristics of Emotional Reactions of Instagram Social Network Users to Iraqi Radio

Authors

    Inas Attwan Mozan Al-Sudani Department of Media Management, Isf.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran .
    Ali Rashidpoor * Department of Culture and Communication, Isf.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran alirashidpoor@iau.ac.ir
    Adel Abd-Alrazaq Mostaf Ghrairi Assistant Professor, Department of Media Management, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
    Mehrdad Sadeghi Department of Culture and Communication, Isf.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.

Keywords:

Iraqi Radio, Instagram, Social Network, Emotional Reaction

Abstract

The study aimed to identify and explain the characteristics of emotional reactions of Instagram social network users in interaction with Iraqi radio. This research employed a mixed-method design. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 experts in Instagram, digital media, and radio, and the data were analyzed thematically. In the quantitative phase, the population included 8,000 Instagram users of Iraqi radio, from which 484 participants were selected using the Morgan table. A questionnaire developed from the qualitative findings was used. Content validity was confirmed by experts, and reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha. Data were analyzed using Smart PLS structural equation modeling. The results indicated that users’ emotional reaction characteristics were categorized into eight groups: normal consumers (correlation coefficient = 0.985), passive (silent) consumers (0.993), reactive users (0.913), information consumers (0.965), active supporters (0.919), informed and participatory supporters (0.984), content producers and social activists (0.977), and social–political critics and protesters (0.873). All relationships were statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. The findings suggest that Instagram users interacting with Iraqi radio content demonstrate diverse patterns of emotional reactions, ranging from passive consumption to active participation and even socio-political protest. These patterns can serve as a basis for media policy-making and the development of effective content strategies in digital platforms.

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Published

2025-10-22

Submitted

2025-05-28

Revised

2025-09-13

Accepted

2025-09-21

Issue

Section

مقالات

How to Cite

Al-Sudani, I. A. M. ., Rashidpoor, A., Mostaf Ghrairi, A. A.-A. ., & Sadeghi, M. . . . (1404). Characteristics of Emotional Reactions of Instagram Social Network Users to Iraqi Radio. Training, Education, and Sustainable Development, 1-18. https://journaltesd.com/index.php/tesd/article/view/175

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