Validation of a Quantum Management Model for School Principals in Hamadan
Keywords:
professional development, factor analysis , conceptual model, school principals, Quantum managementAbstract
This study aimed to design and validate a culturally grounded quantum management model for school principals in Hamadan to enhance schools’ resilience, innovation, and performance quality. This applied research used an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design. In the qualitative phase, grounded theory was employed through semi-structured interviews with 20 experienced school principals and educational management experts to identify the core dimensions of quantum management. In the quantitative phase, a 55-item researcher-developed questionnaire based on qualitative findings was validated for content, face, and construct validity. The target population consisted of all public and private school principals in Hamadan during the 2023–2024 academic year (N=180), and 150 were selected using stratified random sampling based on the Krejcie and Morgan table. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, path coefficients, convergent and discriminant validity tests, composite reliability, Cronbach’s alpha, Q², and GOF indices. The results revealed that the quantum management model consisted of five main categories: causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and outcomes. All structural paths were statistically significant (p<0.001), with adjusted R² values of 0.944 for causal, 0.938 for contextual, 0.599 for intervening, and 0.730 for strategies. Convergent and discriminant validity and reliability indices were at acceptable levels, and the model’s overall GOF indicated a very strong fit. The validated model demonstrates strong reliability and structural validity and can serve as a foundation for designing professional development programs for school principals to enhance schools’ adaptability and innovative capacities in complex and dynamic environments.
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