The Effects of Economic Sanctions on Domestic Violence in Tehran from 2014 to 2021 (Case Study: Individuals Referring to Judicial Institutions for Family Challenges and Disputes)

Abstract

This study focused on the effects of economic sanctions on domestic violence in Tehran from 2014 to 2021. The main objective was to identify the various dimensions of the effects of economic sanctions on the level of domestic violence in Tehran during the years 2014 to 2021 and to answer the question: “To what extent do different dimensions of economic sanctions affect domestic violence in Tehran between 2014 and 2021?” The research method and data collection approach were descriptive, and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to test the relationships between concepts as well as the validity of the data. The statistical population included individuals who had referred to judicial institutions due to family challenges and disputes. The findings showed that some economic and social variables had positive and significant effects on domestic violence. The positive and significant variables included economic sanctions (β = 0.751), economic pressure (β = 0.255), family stress (β = 0.322), reduced household income (β = 0.446), and rising unemployment rates and prices of essential goods. Moreover, two negative and significant variables—supportive policies (β = -0.247) and economic empowerment (β = -0.274)—had negative and significant effects on domestic violence. On the other hand, the variables of supportive institutions and policy evaluation had no significant effects on domestic violence. These findings underscore that economic pressures resulting from sanctions—especially under conditions of rising poverty and unemployment—exacerbate domestic violence. Additionally, strengthening supportive policies and economic empowerment can help reduce this phenomenon.