Validation of the Employee Voice Model in the Educational Ecosystem of Iran
Keywords:
Employee Voice, Education System, Organizational Culture, Transformational Leadership, Organizational InnovationAbstract
This study aimed to validate the employee voice model in the educational ecosystem of Iran. A descriptive survey research design was employed. The statistical population of the quantitative phase consisted of principals, vice principals, and teachers in public schools nationwide. Using quota sampling, 384 participants were selected from the provinces of Isfahan, Bushehr, Gilan, Hamadan, and Razavi Khorasan. Data were collected through a questionnaire developed based on the results of the qualitative phase, comprising 146 items measured on a five-point Likert scale. Content validity was confirmed by several subject-matter experts, and face validity was verified by a group of respondents. Instrument reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, yielding a value of 0.80. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to validate the model. The findings indicated that the causal conditions of employee voice include components such as changes in human resources, job–environmental changes, intervening conditions including cultural–social factors, communication and networking, and contextual conditions encompassing leadership changes and organizational image. The strategies of employee voice consist of growth strategies, structural strategies, and human resource strategies, while the outcomes include individual and organizational results. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the proposed research model, under the identified components, had a satisfactory fit.
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