بررسی تجربیات سازگاری دانشجویان بینالمللی در دانشگاههای استان کرمانشاه
کلمات کلیدی:
دانشجویان بینالمللی, سازگاری تحصیلی, سازگاری اجتماعی, سازگاری بینفرهنگی, دانشگاههای استان کرمانشاهچکیده
هدف این پژوهش بررسی تجربیات سازگاری دانشجویان بینالمللی و تحلیل نقش سن، جنسیت و دانشگاه محل تحصیل بر سازگاری تحصیلی، اجتماعی و بینفرهنگی در دانشگاههای استان کرمانشاه بود. این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی-پیمایشی و با رویکرد کمی انجام شد. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانشجویان بینالمللی شاغل به تحصیل در سه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی، رازی و آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمانشاه بود. با استفاده از نمونهگیری طبقهای نسبتی و بر اساس فرمول کوکران، 330 نفر انتخاب شدند. دادهها از طریق سه پرسشنامه استاندارد برای سنجش سازگاری تحصیلی، اجتماعی و بینفرهنگی جمعآوری و با آزمونهای آماری شامل تحلیل واریانس (ANOVA و MANOVA)، رگرسیون چندگانه و تحلیل مسیر در نرمافزارهای SPSS-27 و AMOS-24 تجزیهوتحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که سن و جنسیت بر هر سه نوع سازگاری تأثیر معنادار دارند؛ بهطوریکه دانشجویان زن و گروههای سنی جوانتر از سازگاری بالاتری برخوردار بودند. همچنین، تعامل سن و جنسیت در ابعاد اجتماعی و بینفرهنگی معنادار بود. تحلیل مسیر ارتباط معنادار بین انواع سازگاری را تأیید کرد؛ بهگونهای که سازگاری بینفرهنگی نقش بیشتری در پیشبینی سازگاریهای تحصیلی و اجتماعی داشت. تفاوت معناداری بین سه دانشگاه در میزان سازگاریها مشاهده نشد، اما بین جنسیت و نوع دانشگاه محل تحصیل رابطه معنادار وجود داشت. یافتهها نشان دادند که ویژگیهای فردی و زمینهای نقش مهمی در سازگاری دانشجویان بینالمللی ایفا میکنند. با توجه به نقش جنسیت و سن، پیشنهاد میشود برنامههای حمایتی ویژه برای گروههای آسیبپذیرتر (مانند مردان و دانشجویان مسنتر) طراحی شود و استقلال بیشتری به دانشگاهها در اجرای برنامههای جذب و حمایت از دانشجویان بینالمللی داده شود تا امکان رقابت مؤثر و ارتقای کیفیت تجربه تحصیلی و اجتماعی فراهم گردد.
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حق نشر 2025 مهدی صادقی; عطیه ویسی , احمد هداد عبدالفیاض (نویسنده)

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