The Macro-Policies of the Fundamental Transformation Document and Its Impact on the Development of the Country’s Education System
Keywords:
Policy research, Fundamental Transformation Document, Education system, Educational development, Educational equityAbstract
This study aimed to identify and analyze the macro-policies of the Fundamental Transformation Document of Education and examine their role in advancing the development of the national education system. This applied research employed a qualitative approach using thematic analysis. Participants included 15 experts—faculty members and policymakers in the education system—selected through purposive and snowball sampling until theoretical saturation was reached. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. Credibility and reliability were ensured via expert validation and inter-coder agreement, with a Cohen’s kappa coefficient of 0.75 indicating satisfactory reliability. The results revealed that achieving the developmental goals of the document requires strengthening executive and supervisory bodies, localizing and adapting policies, increasing the participation of teachers and stakeholders in policymaking, redesigning the document with an operational and indicator-based approach, empowering human resources, ensuring educational quality and equity, improving infrastructure and administrative systems, and institutionalizing monitoring and evaluation mechanisms. Additionally, the document has had significant positive impacts on human development (life skills, self-efficacy, psychological well-being), social development (social capital, responsibility), cultural development (national and religious identity, cultural awareness), and economic development (skills training and alignment with labor market needs). The Fundamental Transformation Document can serve as a driving force for educational and societal development if implemented in a practical, localized, and participatory manner, supported by strong monitoring systems, continuous evaluation, and investment in teachers and infrastructure. These measures are crucial to improving educational quality, promoting equity, and preparing a capable future workforce.
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