Developing a Comprehensive Competency-Based Training System Model for Managers in the National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company

Abstract

This study aimed to design and validate a comprehensive competency-based training system model to address the gap between the current and desired states of managerial training in the National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company. A mixed-methods design (qualitative–quantitative) was used. In the qualitative phase, thematic analysis of documents and semi-structured interviews with 20 academic and industry experts identified dimensions and indicators of competency-based training, analyzed via Maxqda14. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population included company managers; 168 were selected using Cochran’s formula and stratified random sampling. Data were collected with a 61-item researcher-developed questionnaire, with confirmed reliability (Cronbach’s α=0.808; CR=0.847) and convergent/discriminant validity. Paired t-tests compared current and desired states, and partial least squares structural equation modeling assessed model fit. The final model comprised four main dimensions—“needs assessment and creation,” “training design and planning,” “effective implementation,” and “training effectiveness evaluation”—including 11 components and 61 indicators. Paired t-tests revealed significant differences between current and desired states across all dimensions (p<0.001), with the greatest gaps in needs assessment/creation and evaluation. The structural model demonstrated strong fit indices (R²=0.79, satisfactory GOF). The proposed model provides an integrated and data-driven framework for enhancing managerial competencies by covering the entire training cycle, from proactive needs identification to multi-level evaluation. It offers practical guidance for training policymakers and managers in the oil industry to improve the return on educational investments and align workforce development with organizational strategy.